Interfacial Fluid Phenomena


Asst. Prof. Dr. Francisco Cruz-Mazo aims to provide physical insight into fluid dynamics across the scales, from the micro- and nanoscale to the finite scale of a fluid-fluid interface involving multiphase flows, heat transfer, or transport of solid particles and electrical charges. Asymptotics, non-linear dynamics, stability, and experiments are his favorite scientific research tools to study this vast microscopic fluid universe and design micro- and nanofluidic engineering solutions for crucial energy, sustainability, biotechnology, or aerospace applications, among many others.

Contact

Email:  f.cruz[at]upm[dot]es / Office: C203 

Dept. Mechanical, Chemical and Industrial Design Engineering, ETSIDI

Technical University of Madrid (UPM)

Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain

I hold a PhD in Fluid Mechanics from the University of Sevilla (Spain). As a visiting researcher at DESY (Germany), I developed micro and nanofluidic methods for serial femtosecond crystallography. Later, I received a postdoctoral Marie-Curie Individual Fellowship. Then, as a Postdoc in the Complex Fluids Group at Princeton University (USA), I expanded my research interests to fluid singularities and pinch-off phenomena while developing critical soft skills. Today, I am an Assistant Professor at the Technical University of Madrid, teaching courses in fluid mechanics and researching interfacial fluid phenomena at tiny scales. I also contribute, from my fluid-mechanics side to the Thermal Energy for Sustainability (TE4S) research group, specifically in hydrogen technologies.

Selected publications

"Each piece, or part, of the whole nature is always merely an approximation to the complete truth, or the complete truth so far as we know it. In fact, everything we know is only some kind of approximation because we know that we do not know all the laws as yet"  

-- Richard P. Feynman

Holmes, S. et al. (2022) Megahertz pulse trains enable multi-hit serial femtosecond crystallography at X-ray free electron lasers Nature Commun. 13, 4708 

Here, we exploit the MHz pulse structure ofthe European XFEL to obtain two complete datasets from the same lysozyme crystal, first hit and the second hit, before it exits the beam. Comparisons between the two structures reveal no indications of radiation damage or significant changes within the active site. This technique, multi-hit SFX, can be used as a tool for tracking sub-microsecond structural changes in individual single crystals.

Cruz-Mazo, F. & Stone, H. A. (2022) Pinch-off of liquid jets at the finite scale of an interface. Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, L012201

This work studies for the first time how a fluid-fluid interface cannot be considered infinitely narrow within fluid fragmentation. In particular, a new set of self-similar equations is obtained and resolved for the jet pinching-off as the finite-thickness of the interface becomes in the characteristic radial size.

Cruz-Mazo, F. et al. (2019) Aerodynamically stabilized Taylor cone jets. Phys. Rev. E 100 (3), 031101 (Rapid Communications)

We introduce a way to stabilize steady micro/nanoliquid jets from Taylor cones and co-flowing gas streams. We theoretically study this configuration's dripping-jetting transition through a global stability analysis as a function of the governing parameters involved. A balance between the local radial acceleration to the surface tension stressgradient, the mass conservation, and the energy balance equations enable us to derive two coupled scaling laws that predict both the minimum jet diameter and its maximum velocity. 

A complete list of publications and their citations are available @googlescholar. 

Join us

Our research group always seeks excellent Ph.D. students, Postdocs, and UPM students for Final Year Projects (TFG/TFM). In particular, I want to find curiosity-driven individuals with a strong background in fundamental Fluid Mechanics and motivated for interdisciplinary applications to other branches of physics or engineering. If you want more information, please reach out.

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